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Visitors to the US often think that there is no real American food, only dishes borrowed from other countries, or else that Americans eat only fast food. While there is some truth in both these impression, real American food does exist. The British also have a poor reputation for food. Visitors to Britain often complain that food in restaurant is badly presented, overcooked and has no taste. Certain foods are considered essential to traditional British cooking and form the basic of most meals. These include bread, pastry (for meat or fruit pies) and diary products such as milk, cheese and eggs. Potatoes, especially chips (AmE fries) are eaten at lunch or dinner. They are an important part of the traditional meal of meat and two veg (= meat, potatoes and another vegetable). A jacket potato (a potato baked whole in its skin) with cheese is popular pub lunch.
Because of the increased cost of meat and various health scares many people now eat less meat. Vegetarians (= people who choose not to eat meat at all) and vegans (= people who eat no meat or animal products) are relatively few. After the main course, many families eat a pudding. This was traditional sponge or pastry cooked with jam or fruit, usually served hot with custard, but it may now be yogurt, fresh fruit or ice cream. Good plain home cooking, i.e. food prepared without spicy or creamy sauce, used to be something to be proud of. Since the 1970s British people have become more adventurous in what they eat and often cook foreign dishes. Rice, pasta and noodles are regularly eaten instead of potatoes. Supermarkets offer an expanding range of foreign foods, including many convenience foods (= prepared meals that need only to be heated). Takeaways from Indian and Chinese restaurant are also popular.
People’s interest in trying new recipes is encouraged by the many cookery programmes on television. Famous TV chefs include Delia Smith and Ainsley Harriot. American dishes include many made from traditional foods. Corn is eaten as corn on the cob, which is boiled and eaten ho with butter, ground up into small pieces and cooked again to make grits, or baked to make cornbread. It can be dried and cooked with oil to make popcorn, which is eaten hot covered with melted butter and salt. Turkey was originally an American bird and is the most important dish at Thanksgiving. It is served with a sauce made from an American plant, the cranberry, a small, red, sour berry and is usually followed by pumpkin pie. The hamburger may also come from the US. The sandwich, originally from Britain, is made with great variety in America.
Many America’s most popular dishes have been borrowed from other cultures. This ethnic food is not always the same in the US as in the country it comes from. Many popular dishes come from Italy, especially pasta dishes and pizza. From Mexico there are burritos, tacos and enchiladas, from China there are egg rolls, chop suey and egg foo yong and from Japan sushi and teriyaki. When Americans make food at home they rarely use basic ingredients (= raw food). Cakes, for example, are often made from cake mixes bought in box. They also use many prepared foods (= meals that need only to be heated). Americans also often order in (= have a meal delivered to their home by a restaurant).
In the 1980s younger people especially became more interested in food. These foodies helped to increase the variety of dishes and ingredients available in America. Olive oil became commonly used in cooking and new sauces were developed for pasta. When British and Americans people eat out (= in a restaurant), they can choose from a wide range of eating places. The busiest tend to be burger bars, pizzerias and other fast-food outlets, which are popular with young people and families. In Britain these have largely replaced traditional cafés selling meals like sausage, egg and chips, thought most towns still have several fish and chips shops. Many pubs also serve reasonably prices meals. Many people eat out at Italian, Mexican and Chinese restaurant and at curry house. Fewer people go to smarter, more expensive restaurants. With the great variety of food available at relatively low prices, eating out is common.
Food and healthIn Britain the government regularly gives advice about healthy eating. The main aim is reduce the amount of fatty foods and sugar people eat and to encourage them to eat more fruit and vegetables. Many people still enjoy a fry-up (fried bacon, sausage and egg with fried bread) but there has been a gradual move towards eating healthier low-fat foods. The media discusses health risks connected with, for example beef or eggs. People are also concerned about chemicals sprayed onto crops. Supermarkets sell organic produce (= cereals and vegetables grown without the use of chemicals), but few people are prepared to pay the higher prices for this. Americans believe food has an important effect on their health but they do not always eat in a healthy way. Many eat junk food, including fast food, snacks like potato chips (BrE crisps) and cookies (BrE biscuits), fizzy drinks and ice cream. Some people eat mainly health foods. They take vitamin and mineral supplements and rush to eat the latest foods said to be healthy, like olive oil, oats And garlic. Americans always seem to be fighting a battle between what they want to eat and what is good for them.
Americans and British people generally eat three meals a day thought the names vary according to people’s lifestyles and where they live. The first meal of the day is breakfast. The traditional full English breakfast served in many British hotels may include fruit juice, cereal, bacon and eggs, often with sausages and tomatoes, toast and marmalade, and most have only cereal or muesli (AmE granola) and/or toast with tea or coffee. Others buy coffee and pastry on their way to work. The traditional American breakfast includes eggs, some kind of meat and toast. Eggs may be fried ”over easy”, “over hard” or “sunny side up” or boiled, poached or in omelette (= beaten together and fried). The meat may be bacon or sausage. People who do not have time for a large meal have toast or cereal and coffee. It is common for Americans to eat breakfast in restaurant. On Saturday and Sunday many people eat brunch late in the dishes including pancakes and waffles (= types of cooked batter) that are eaten with butter and maple syrup.
Lunch, which is eaten any time after midday, is the main meal of the day for some British people, though people out at work may have only sandwiches. Some people also refer to the midday meal as dinner. Most workers are allowed about an hour off for it called the lunch hour and many also go shopping. Many school offer a cooked lunch (school lunch or school dinner) though some students take a packed lunch of sandwiches, fruit, etc. Sunday lunch is special and is, for many families, the biggest meal of the week, consisting typically of roast meat and vegetables and a sweet course. In the US lunch is usually a quick meal, eaten around midday. Many workers have a half-hour break for lunch and buy a sandwich near their place of work. Business people may something eat a larger lunch and use time to discuss business.
The main meal of the day for most people is the evening meal, called supper, tea or dinner. It is usually a cooked meal with meat or fish or salad, followed by a sweet course. Some people have a TV supper, eaten on their knee while watching television. In Britain younger children may have tea when they get home from school. Tea, meaning a main meal for adults, is used especially in Scotland and Ireland; supper and dinner are more widely used in England and Wales. Dinner sounds more formal than supper and gusts generally receive invitations to “dinner” rather than to “supper”. In the US the evening meal is called dinner. It is usually eaten around 6 or 6.30 pm and often consist of dishes bought ready prepared that need only to be heated. In many families, both in Britain and the US, family members eat at the table together. Unless it is a special occasion, few people drink wine with dinner.
Many people also eat snacks between meals. Most have tea or coffee at mid-morning, often called coffee time or coffee break. In Britain this is something also called elevenses. In the afternoon most British people have a tea break. Some hotels serve afternoon tea, which consist tea or coffee and a choice of sandwiches and cakes. When on holiday/vocation people sometimes have a cream tea of scones, jam and cream. In addition many people eat chocolate bars, biscuits (AmE cookies) or crisps (AmE chips). Some British people have a snack, sometimes called supper, consisting of a milk drink and a biscuit before they go to bed. In the US children often have milk and cookies after school adults are especially likely to snack (=eat snack) while watching TV.
Hlavní prvky tradiční anglické zahrady
American dishes include many made from traditional foods. Corn is eaten as corn on the cob, which is boiled and eaten ho with butter, ground up into small pieces and cooked again to make grits, or baked to make cornbread. It can be dried and cooked with oil to make popcorn, which is eaten hot covered with melted butter and salt. The hamburger may also come from the US. The sandwich, originally from Britain, is made with great variety in America. Many popular dishes come from Mexico (burritos, tacos, enchiladas), from China (egg rolls, chop suey, egg foo yong) and from Japan (sushi and teriyaki). When Americans make food at home they rarely use basic ingredients. Cakes, for example, are often made from cake mixes bought in box. They also use many prepared foods. Americans also often order in.
Americans love their coffee, but in the UK, you’ll be more likely to find an assortment of tea with your meals. A lot of my English friends’ families would have ‘tea time’ in the afternoon, but it was literally just like having a pot of tea and a little snack. The UK consists of four countries, which each have its own food culture and idiosyncrasies. Americans can enjoy a wide variety of ethnic dishes, from Italian pasta to Mexican burritos and Japanese sushi, often with a fast-food twist in everyday life.
| Kategoríe | Anglie | Amerika |
|---|---|---|
| Snídaně | Full English vs. tradiční americká snídaně | |
| Oběd | Lunch jako hlavní denní jídlo pro některé, doprovázeno sandwich | Rychlý oběd, často sandwich |
| Večeře | Večeře/dinner často s rodinou | Dinner obvykle v 6-6:30 p.m., často připraveno jídlo z krámu |
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